Whenever the administrators are backing up the database or performing a bit of maintenance they will put the site into what is called "read only mode." What this means is that information can only be read from the database and not added. During the time when the site is in this mode you will not be able to login or access any pages that would typically require changing data currently in the database.
Nope, you only need an account if you want to create a project, post comments, or need an API Key.